Free Essays, Free Term Papers, Free Book Reports

Free Essays, Free Term Papers, Free Book Reports It’s all a function of how lengthy it takes you to write the publish. If you spend three hours on a 500 word submit at $0.03 per word, you should have a dialogue with the client, as a result of the job isn’t economical. I perceive that we've to begin someplace however slaving away for $zero.03 per word seems to be a really low place to begin. I really feel like I must charge considerably extra. Great to view this as someone who's about to kick begin his writing career. â€" don’t require an insane amount of analysis/work to write down about. Wow, ik shocked to study these low rates. The customers are shopping for from a supplier who has no website or social community following because he does not exist. Your article could be very useful for Freelance writing newbies as a supply of data and nice by its style and way of rationalization. I’m only new to the world of freelance writing and it’s a whole new ballgame for me. I appreciate all the free advice wonderful minds such as your self put out. I was in search of some source to understand what’s an inexpensive quantity. I would counsel checking the most recent version of Writer’s Market earlier than you quote a job. There’s a chart the place you possibly can see highs, lows, and averages for various kinds of writing. It’s fairly particular, and you'll see per-word charges in addition to hourly and per-web page charges. In my experience, most shoppers will ask you what your fee is, rather than make you a suggestion. We shouldn’t hate shoppers for wanting to pay lower than you quote; that’s just a sign that you need to transfer onto different prospects. From what I’ve read right here, I suppose lots of you are charging far, far beneath what you’re worth. I’m studying to be flexible with my rates for different types of tasks. Especially as I attempt to construct up a more expertise information in the niches I’m excited about writing for. Reason for me to examine these rates is an inquiry of a potential new offer I received for Content writing. The weblog is concentrated on interior design so there ought to be a reasonably broad selection of candidates. I am thrilled to know writing career presents such an excellent pathway. But, I actually have other purchasers I cost solely $.5/word as a result of the subject is easy and it takes me 30 minutes or less to write down. Also, I don’t take the cynical view that all clients will ‘take a look at’ you by providing a pittance. I actually have just started my freelance writing career and have been questioning what to cost in my early months. As of proper now, i'm on job boards like upwork, mainly to find experience for writing, and what it’s like working with deadlines and such. My questions is about a huge essay â€" say 50,000 words. Isn’t that one way or the other tougher than doing a couple of pages here-and-there? We’ve had to let go each blogger we’ve employed because they lacked in some of the most basic writing ability . How I provide you with the $a hundred and twenty is that it take about four hours for me to write down a blog post with a custom made image that's properly deliberate, proof learn, and revised. I’m sorry Lori Reese, however I do not agree with all of your comments. I sometimes write articles for Constant Content.

The Term Culture Artificial Objectives And Decisions And Elements - 1375 Words

The Term Culture: Artificial Objectives And Decisions And Elements (Essay Sample) Content: Critical ReflectionName:Institution Affiliation:Instructor:This essay explains definitions of relevant terms used to study culture. It mainly focusses on cultural awareness and intelligence. Several arguments are raised within the paragraphs which describe real-life cases, for instance, a debate about similarities and differences of cultures. The impacts of cultural beliefs, social interactions and values are discussed. By the end of the essay, one should be able to eliminate cultural barriers to success by adopting appropriate strategies.The term culture refers to artificial objectives and decisions and elements which have assisted individuals of a certain tribe or community to survive comfortably CITATION Qua05 \l 1033 (Cantatore, 2005) both self-awareness and intelligence are essential for the community. Cultural self-awareness refers to the groundwork of conversation, and it entails the ability to stand again for ourselves and being aware of our Cultural values , beliefs and perceptions CITATION Adl05 \l 1033 (Adler, 2005). On the other hand, cultural intelligence refers to features and expertise of men and women who alter quickly, with minimal stress, once they interact substantially in cultures CITATION BRE06 \l 1033 (MACNAB, 2006)CITATION Rus11 \l 1033 (Russel, 2011) Says cultural self-awareness is an essential element of cultural intelligence in that people should be aware that all persons are not the same. There are very many communities in the world which have distinct beliefs, regulations and perceptions CITATION Hel12 \l 1033 (Spencer-Oatey, 2012).A person should, therefore, be aware of the other communities culture especially when he or she visits them. Due to cultural diversity, certain aspects of life may not be the same. For example, planning and decision making may be affected by the culture. In the workplace, people should accept diversity by suspending judgments to obtain information first. Moreover, empathy, regular che cking of assumptions and doing away with ambiguities are ways in which one can exercise to celebrate diversity CITATION Adl05 \l 1033 (Adler, 2005).Cultures can have similarities as well as differences. Beginning with the similarities, all cultures are said to be the foundations of a community. The rules and beliefs are based on it. Moreover, cultures are assumed to be perpetual; they are passed from one generation to the other CITATION wor02 \l 1033 (Macnab, 2002). That means people are born, live and die but their descendants adopt the culture. Further, habits make people develop experiences. Once a person learns his or her culture, it is kept in mind, and the person hardly goes against it. However, cultures tend to be different regarding diets, dressing and worship. Misunderstandings may arise when one does not have cultural awareness and intelligence values to understand others CITATION Adl05 \l 1033 (Adler, 2005). Cultures can be said to be mono or polychromic in nature CIT ATION Tai12 \l 1033 (Taipale, 2012).The first one refers to the kinds of people who only do one thing at a time. For example, whenever there are burial ceremonies in most African communities, almost all people stop their operations to attend the funeral. The latter is utilized by the white people where their culture allows them to perform many tasks at the same time.To reach the same goal, people must have cultural awareness values to perceive perspectives. Assumptions, core values and realizable artefacts have to be identified to improve on cultural intelligence CITATION Hel12 \l 1033 (Spencer-Oatey, 2012). Cultural awareness can be used to improve ones knowledge by taking into consideration other peoples values. For example, a person may have poor communication skills such as inappropriate dialogue and gestures CITATION Del09 \l 1033 (Flanja, 2009). Secondly, speakers should have adequate knowledge of their audiences when giving speeches. This is significant since some speeches may be in contrary to the cultural beliefs of the listeners. For practical cultural intelligence, languages, social norms and arrangements have to be considered. They sum up to social interactions and cultural practices. For example, the Muslims speak Arabic, worship in mosques and have a unique dressing style CITATION Wil13 \l 1033 (Wilson, 2013). It is, therefore, wise for people to accept other cultures, especially in organizations to concentrate on the objectives of the firm. At schools, students should utilize cultural intelligence to recognize and cope up with the behaviors of others CITATION BRE06 \l 1033 (MACNAB, 2006).Social issues such as discrimination, racism and segregation hinder individuals from reaching their goals. Cultural intelligence helps one to discover that he or she has to cope with people. Emotions, Cognitions and peoples behavior have to be regulated by the individual to create social relations with his or her colleagues. An example is demonstrated in As ia where business card exchange is practiced to encourage better social relations CITATION BRE06 \l 1033 (MACNAB, 2006). For success to be attained, appreciation of the other peoples activities is a critical element. Setting aside cultural differences, an African young person can assist an adult especially on education matters and get appreciated. People can assume some cultural activities for the purpose of success. CITATION Del09 \l 1033 (Flanja, 2009) Says the European have embraced on unity by having an official flag, currency, learning institutions and TV stations. Although they comprise of different cultures, they are brought together by unit and work towards driving their country forward. To be successful, a person has to distinguish between human nature and personality. CITATION Hel12 \l 1033 (Spencer-Oatey, 2012) Narrates by an aid of a pyramid that culture lies in between. It interlinks the two. Human nature is said to have been inherited while culture is learnt. A comb ination of the two gives ones personality. To assist in achieving the goals in the daily ...

The Basic Characteristics of Effective Writing

Experiences in school leave some people with the impression that good writing simply means writing that contains no bad mistakes—that is, no errors of grammar, punctuation  or spelling. However, good writing is much more than just correct writing. Good writing responds to the interests and needs of its intended audience and at the same time, reflects  the writers personality and individuality (the authors voice). Good writing is often as much the result of practice and hard work as it is talent. You may be encouraged to know that the ability to write well is not necessarily a gift that some people are born with, nor a privilege extended to only a few. If youre willing to put in the effort, you can improve your writing. Rules for Effective Academic Professional Writing When writing term papers or essays for school, or should you go on to a career as a professional writer—be it as a technical writer, journalist, copywriter, or speechwriter—if follow you these established rules for effective writing, you should be able to excel, or at least perform competently for any given assignment: Good writing has a clearly defined purpose.It makes a definite point.It supports that point with specific information.The information is clearly connected and arranged.The words are appropriate, and the sentences are concise, emphatic, and correct. While having a grasp on proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation wont make you a good writer, these basics are more essential to academic and professional writing than most other genres (although advertising is often a curious hybrid of creative and non-fiction writing). The trick to creating academic or professional writing that someone will actually want to read is to balance the aforementioned essentials with your own voice. Think of your writing, no matter how academic as your part in a conversation. Your job is to explain the information youre trying to convey in a way thats clear and easily understood. (Sometimes, it helps to imagine youre talking rather than writing.) Good Creative Writing and Nonfiction: Its Subjective Of course, if there were only one kind of writing, it would be easier to come up with an overarching set of conventions to define what good writing is, however, non-fiction alone encompasses a wide array of genres and formats and what works for one doesnt necessarily fly with another. Now, when you add poetry, fiction (in its myriad genres and subgenres), personal essays, playwriting, blogging, podcasting, and screenwriting (to name but a few) to the mix, its almost impossible to come up with a one-size-fits-all umbrella that covers what makes writing good—or bad. One of the main reasons its so hard to separate good writing from bad writing when it comes to disciplines such as fiction, poetry, or plays, is that the definition of whats good is often subjective, and that subjectivity is a matter of personal taste. People generally know what they like and what they dont like—but that doesnt necessarily mean the writing we dont like is bad writing. Lets just choose one famous piece of literature as an example: Herman Melvilles 1851 novel Moby Dick, a cautionary allegory of obsession and revenge that pits man against nature. While theres no arguing that the novel is considered a classic of American literature and is filled with its fair share of fascinating characters, Melvilles narrative clocks in at over 200,000 words and nearly 600 pages (depending on the edition). When you consider that the average novel runs between 60,000 and 90,000 words, in terms of length alone, Melvilles tale of the whale is a whopper. Unfortunately for many reading the book, the experience is much akin to being a sailor during a whaling-era sea voyage in which you went for days on end going through the routine, tedious, mundane, redundant tasks required to keep the ship going, with the exciting parts of the journey few and far between. Unless youre fascinated by page after page relating to all things whaling, reading Moby Dick can be a chore. Does that make it a bad book? Obviously not, its just not a good book for everyone. Famous Writers on Writing Most professional writers—those gifted people who make writing look easy—will be the first ones to tell you that often its not easy at all, nor is there a right way or wrong way to go about it: There is no rule on how to write. Sometimes it comes easily and perfectly: sometimes its like drilling rock and then blasting it out with charges.—Ernest Hemingway â€Å"If you want to be a writer, you must do two things above all others: read a lot and write a lot. There’s no way around these two things that I’m aware of, no shortcut.†Ã¢â‚¬â€Stephen King If I have anything to say to young writers, its stop thinking of writing as art. Think of it as work. Its hard physical work. You keep saying, No, thats wrong, I can do it better. —Paddy Chayefsky One is never happy. If a writer is too happy with his writing, something is wrong with him. A real writer always feels as if he hasnt done enough. This is the reason he has the ambition to  rewrite, to publish things, and so on. The bad writers are very happy with what they do. They always seem surprised about how good they are. I would say that a real writer sees that he missed a lot of opportunities.—Isaac Bashevis Singer Writing is just work—theres no secret. If you dictate or use a pen or type or write with your toes—its still just work.—Sinclair Lewis Any man who keeps working is not a failure. He may not be a great writer, but if he applies the old-fashioned virtues of hard, constant labor, he’ll eventually make some kind of career for himself as writer.–Ray Bradbury People on the outside think there’s something magical about writing, that you go up in the attic at midnight and cast the bones and come down in the morning with a story, but it isn’t like that. You sit in back of the typewriter and you work, and that’s all there is to it.–Harlan Ellison As you can see, writing rarely comes easily to anyone—even the most accomplished writers. Dont lose heart. If you want to be a better writer, youre going to have to put in the work. Not everything you write is going to be great or even good, but the more you write the better your skills will become. Learning the basics and continuing to practice will help you gain confidence. Eventually, youll not only be a better writer—you might actually enjoy writing.  Just as a musician cannot deliver an inspired performance without first learning the rudiments of the craft and studying technique, once youve mastered the basics of writing, youll be ready to let inspiration and imagination take you almost anywhere you wish to go.

Life Expectancy At The Philippines - 1795 Words

Other reason why there was a deficiency in the SSS was because investments are linked to political and social considerations, limiting income and growth. Labor law, rules and regulations that protect workers’ economic security provides ways for employers to avoid the cost of social insurance, hence poor enrollment in SSS (DeCastro, 2015). Unlike Indonesia, the Philippines have a mandatory retirement age at 65 years old, even though individuals can retire as early as 60. But the life expectancy at birth for the Philippines is lower compared to Indonesia. The 2013 life expectancy at birth for the Philippines was 68.7 years , although the estimate life expectancy at the age of 65 using a life table was 13.5 years . The pension age for Indonesia is 9 years lower than the Philippines right now, but will gradually increase to 65 by 2043. According to the UN Population Division, the Philippines are currently experiencing decreasing child dependency ratio, while old-age dependency ratio will hover below 10% until it starts rising to 14% around 2050. Conclusion Unlike Thailand, Indonesia and Vietnam, the Philippines have a relatively complicated benefit calculation. Replacement rates were too high for non-high earners, up to 78.1% for an average earner, therefore not achieving the pension goal of providing old-age financial security. Learning from the Philippines, we see that actuarial valuations need to be done every few years to review the sustainability of the pension fund andShow MoreRelatedThe Republic Of The Philippines1600 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Philippines, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a sovereign island that comprises an archipelago of 7,107 islands located off Southeast Asia, between the Philippine Sea on the east and the South China Sea on the west. 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M alnutrition has been an issue there for many years as a result of the country’s overwhelming poverty rates (about 27.9 percent of the populace) depriving its people of food, and raging typhoons (such as Super Storm Haiyan) have only exasperated

Dimensions and Antecedents of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour

Question: Give the literature review dimensions and antecedents of organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB)? Answer: Introduction Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) is a field of study gave to perceiving, clarifying, and inevitably adding to the attitude and practices of individuals (group and people) inside associations. Organizational behaviour is taking into account logical information and connected practice (Judson, 2011). McShane and Travaglione (2007), characterized organizational behaviour as the investigation of what individuals think, feel and do in and around the associations. This study is carried out by taking a methodical methodology when seeing the connections in the middle of representatives and administration or association. It has a tendency to study people, groups or the association in general and its qualities and attempt to impact them and shape them as far as authoritative settings. The organization behaviour study aides both the associations and individuals to enhance relationships, working towards the basic objectives of the organization. Dimensions of OCB According to Dennis Organ, father of OCB (Organizational Citizenship Behaviour) have decorated that there are five separate dimensions of OCB that helps the associations to enhance its effectiveness (Wang, Hinrichs, Prieto, Howell, 2013): Altruism Conscientiousness Civic Virtue Courtesy Sportsmanship Altruism It perceives the conduct composed at specific individuals. Right when individual have specific issue; charitable people go the extra mile in helping them. The diverse class of OCB is summed up suitability, which is more unimaginative great confidence: doing things right and fitting for their own specific reason rather than for any specific single person. Conscientiousness This shows apathetic behaviour consistence with principles portraying a fair worker, it states authorities go past insignificant essentials of their specific undertakings Civic Virtue It is all about staying mindful of matters that impact the relationship like interest in decision making, going to social events, participation in the political presence of the affiliation practices and possessed with affiliation practices that can help to upgrade affiliation and take a segment in organization of affiliation. Courtesy It imply such exercises like advising with others before decision have been taken, issuing recommendation to other individual, pass on data furthermore giving improvement notices or we can say that in affiliation adjusting others about change which reason impact on their work. Sportsmanship It is conduct of fixing off unimportant grievances and swearing off complaining about irrelevant matters. Frequently people think extraordinary sportsman is a person who does not whimper for loaded face by others. In any case make sure when different people are not taking after his proposition and willing to surrender his/her individual excitement for the wellbeing of work assembling and don't take it single person. Antecedents of OCB Diversity in External and Internal Environment Diversity represents an important attribute of the current environment of business. Globalization has made it crucial for all the organizations to adequately deal with a different labour force in such a way, to the point that it enhances the performance of the organization (Daskin, Saydam and Arasli, 2013). Tesco, a global retailer, having operations in around 14 nations, have loads of different work force. Tesco has a Diversity Advisory Group which gathers semi-annually to screen and guarantee that Tesco's workforce at each stage mirrors the creation of populace at each minute in time. To diminish discrimination against the debilitated individuals, Tesco was the first association to secure focuses for the enlistment of incapacitated individuals; this is the reason Tesco was given a symbol of two-tick by Remploy. The diversity strategy of is vital to the way it approaches training and development and recruitment and selection is reflected all through the goals of the business. Apart from internal diversity, Tesco has also linked its diversity culture externally by collaborating with four key networks (Businesscasestudies.co.uk, 2015): ABC Network: Its point is to settle on Tesco the head honcho of decision for African, Black British and Caribbean associates Asian Network: serves to raise the profile of professions at Tesco to groups of Asian people. Women Network: expanding the women profile in the business and supporting them to add to their career Out at Tesco: This group speaks to those with diverse sexual introductions. It has more than 1,000 lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals Human Behavior and Differences in Employees The OB theories are concerned with comprehension the behaviour of individuals at work. It incorporates values of organization, motivation for the employees and personality of the employees. Personality alludes to a few qualities, qualities abilities and skills of people alongside certain other attributes like preparing and disposition. It implies particular examples of conduct of a single person in a characterized circumstance (Ashraf, n.d.). The personality of an employee or a candidate applying for TESCO is tested using Situational Judgement Test (SJT), Verbal Reasoning Test, Numerical Reasoning Test and Abstract/Inductive Reasoning Test (JobTestPrep - Psychometric Test Preparation, 2015). Additionally, Options program of Tesco also helps the employees to develop their personality. This personality development program serves to deliver enduring capabilities. This implies employees get to be more positive, gainful and significant to the association in the long haul. Enrolling new pe rsonnel is more extravagant than retaining existing personnel, so for Tesco, retaining personnel is amazingly vital. This further helps to increase the motivational level of the employees. Tesco follows various theories of motivation for instance; the system of rewards at Tesco is aligned with the Taylors motivational theory. Tesco supports their staffs through money support and also offers good environment. Tesco offers key employment training to offer help staffs 'achieve the extraordinary'. The association likewise takes after vocation exchange yearly with every workers; the association in like manner anxieties the progression of the whole individual and has executed a game plan of 360 degree feedback (Businesscasestudies.co.uk, 2015). This shows that the organization values play a vital role in organizational citizenship behaviour. For Tesco, the employees, community matters most, the organization treats them, as the people want and also creates lots of job opportunities encoura ging and helping customers and colleagues to face the challenges (Tesco plc, 2015). Making Decisions and Problem Solving Compelling vital business choices unite the right assets for the right markets at the ideal time. Timing is essential. The nature of an organization's choice making helps it pick up favourable element over contenders. Business choices must mirror aims of an association, for example, to amplify returns for its shareholders. They ought to likewise identify with its objectives for example, to be the business pioneer in its field. This methodology applies paying little heed to the span of the business. Tesco respects its staff to join in a study of staff fulfilment named "Viewpoint" which accommodates them the opportunity to express their viewpoints on all aspects of their occupation. The outcomes from the study help Tesco confirm it is advancing the right things to its staff to keep them induced. Communication Communication aids hierarchical individuals to finish both individual and authoritative objectives, execute and react to hierarchical change, coordinate authoritative exercises and participate in basically organizations pertinent behaviour. Organizational viability is connected to interchanges. Major issues emerge when breakdowns happen and a significant inquiry for supervisors is whether they will convey well or inadequately (Keyton et al., 2013). At Tesco, face to face discussions with the supervisors are held in a formal manner. This helps the workers to comprehend their shortcomings and enhance them. Further a daily meeting is held with the colleagues by the line supervisors to keep the group redesigned with the most recent occupation data and worth recompenses. This worth recompenses gives the representatives an approach to praise their accomplishments. Managing Intergroup Dynamics Group plays a vital role in every organization. It is very important to manage these teams effectively. This is since as the way of assignments did by associations gets to be progressively intricate, the customary arrangement of a manager dealing with a few people is getting to be progressively hard to keep up. Thus, associations are making more noteworthy utilization of gatherings in different routes: to settle on choices as a council, to expand quality through quality circles, by making a team to create and produce another item etc. Therefore, effective teamwork has helped Tesco to improve the job satisfaction level, enhanced the experiences and opinions and improved the productivity. This teamwork also helps the organization to reduce conflict. Working in a team helps in building up a sound answer for a contention through open correspondence, regard for one another and making fulfilling options. For Instance, in 2014, Tesco had received the Award for Excellence in Learning and Dev elopment (LD) where 94% of the employees believed that there exists more collaboration and effective teamwork (Scullin, 2014). Organization Structure Organizational structure is the gathering of individuals to finish work. It makes connections among a business' directors and specialists, issuing them power to complete obligations. The structure of an organization also plays a vital role in OB, it includes employee skills and attitudes, size, product and services offered location and managerial staff (Carapiet and Harris, 2007). The organization structure involves five primary goals: decentralization and centralization of organization, span of control, managerial hierarchy, departmentalization and division of labour. All these five factors give shape to an organization. For instance, Tesco follows decentralized structure of organization. This structure is effectual because it also makes easier for the store manager to take decision. They do not have to take confirmation from the top head managers. This organizational structure also gives a clear picture of who is the in-charge of which department. This helps the organization to gro w rapidly. Organization Culture Organization culture is the plans and imparted learning grew by specific individuals for reacting, communicating, seeing, deciphering to the social substances (Silverthorne, 2004). Tesco's hierarchical society is to offer ideal condition to all the workers in the association, empowering cooperation for powerful collaboration, taking after differing culture in the association, learning based environment and fulfilling the customers with better administration and items. This type of organizational structure helps employees to synergistically build up the association in a superior manner (Bellot, 2011). The workplace of Tesco is encompassed with excellent society that shapes the methods and employment relationship in the association. Thusly, it is helping the association to fathom the issues because of outer components furthermore inner incorporation by building up an imparted example Conclusion This literature review has closely looked at dimensions of the organizational citizenship behaviour of individuals in Tesco who have a tendency to embrace, for example, counterproductive practices, authoritative citizenship, and the reasons why individuals receive those practices, and how to impact or shape negative practices in a manner that meets organizational targets. It is observed that organizational citizenship behaviour is connected to many factors like organization culture, organization structure, intergroup dynamics, communication, human behaviour, diversity and problem solving through effective decisions. These factors help the organization to behave effectively, and stay away from such negative work practices. References Ashraf, T. (n.d.). ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR. [online] unesco.org, pp.156-158. Available at: https://www.unesco.org/education/aladin/paldin/pdf/course02/unit_14.pdf [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. Bellot, J. (2011). Defining and Assessing Organizational Culture. Nursing Forum, 46(1), pp.29-37. Businesscasestudies.co.uk, (2015). Development - How training and development supports business growth - Tesco | Tesco case studies, videos, social media and information | Business Case Studies. [online] Available at: https://businesscasestudies.co.uk/tesco/how-training-and-development-supports-business-growth/development.html#axzz3UznApdpK [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. Businesscasestudies.co.uk, (2015). Engaging with diverse groups - Using diversity and inclusion to provide better service - Tesco | Tesco case studies, videos, social media and information | Business Case Studies. [online] Available at: https://businesscasestudies.co.uk/tesco/using-diversity-and-inclusion-to-provide-better-service/engaging-with-diverse-groups.html#axzz3UznApdpK [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. Carapiet, S. and Harris, H. (2007). Role of self-organisation in facilitating adaptive organisation: a proposed index for the ability to self-organise. Production Planning Control, 18(6), pp.466-474. Daskin, M., Saydam, S. and Arasli, H. (2013). The Critical Antecedents to Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Empirical Evidences from North Cyprus Service Industry. jmr, 5(2). JobTestPrep - Psychometric Test Preparation, (2015). Tesco Psychometric Tests: Numerical, Verbal, Logical Reasoning and SJT Test Practice. [online] Available at: https://www.jobtestprep.co.uk/tesco.aspx [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. Judson, A. (2011). Changing behavior in organizations. 5th ed. Cambridge, Mass., USA: B. Blackwell. Keyton, J., Caputo, J., Ford, E., Fu, R., Leibowitz, S., Liu, T., Polasik, S., Ghosh, P. and Wu, C. (2013). Investigating Verbal Workplace Communication Behaviors. International Journal of Business Communication, 50(2), pp.152-169. McShane S, Travaglione T, 2007, Organisational Behaviour, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Australia ptd ltd, NSW, Australia, Alisa Brackley du Bois Scullin, C. (2014). Personnel Today Awards 2014 winners: Tesco leads the way for LD at larger employers - Personnel Today. [online] Personnel Today. Available at: https://www.personneltoday.com/hr/personnel-today-awards-2014-winners-tesco-learning-development-1000-employees/ [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. Silverthorne, C. (2004). The impact of organizational culture and person organization fit on organizational commitment and job satisfaction in Taiwan. Leadership Org Development J, 25(7), pp.592-599. Tesco plc, (2015). Tesco plc. [online] Available at: https://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=10 [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. Wang, L., Hinrichs, K., Prieto, L. and Howell, J. (2015). 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Martin Luther King, Jr. Was Perhaps One Of The Most Influential Person

Martin Luther King, Jr. was perhaps one of the most influential person of our time. As the father of modern civil rights movement, Dr.Martin Luther king, Jr., is recognized around the world as a symbol of freedom and peace. Born January 15, 1929, King was the son of an Atlanta pastor. King accomplished many achievements during his life. He graduated from Morehouse as a minister in 1948 and went on to Crozer Theological seminary in Chester, Pa., where he earned a divinity degree. After that King went on to earn a doctorate in theology from Boston University in 1955. King also achieved the Nobel Peace Prize in December of 1964. He was assassinated on April 4,1968, outside his motel room by James Earl Ray. While his views at the time seemed radical to many, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. is remembered and respected today as a martyr of the civil rights movement and an icon of change through nonviolent means. "The Ways of Meeting Oppression", by Martin Luther King Jr., is a story about the ways in which oppressed people deal with their oppression. Dr. King came up with 3 characteristics in which oppressed people deal with their oppression. In this essay we will discuss the three major ways that Dr. King talks about. We will also reveal the one method that King supports. He first characteristic that King mentions in his writing is acquiescence. In this characteristic, King explains how people give up to oppression and become accustomed to it. He believes that this form is not the way to solve the grief that the Negroes were being put through. In fact, he criticizes the people who utilize this method. The following line proves my statement, "To accept passively an unjust system is to cooperate with that system; thereby the oppressed become as evil as the oppressor." The second form that Dr. King talks about is hatred and violence. This is another method that he disagrees with. King explains how violence only creates temporary results and creates more complicated problems in the future. As a minister and deep believer in peace, King refused to accept this way. He also believed that this form will only bring injustice to future generations. He explained how violence today will bring chaos tomorrow. An excellent statement made by Dr. King to disprove this method is, "The old law of an eye for an eye leaves everybody blind". The third, and final, way that Marther Luther King Jr., talked about was nonviolent resistance. This form of dealing with oppression was strongly supported by King. He believed that the oppressed must consider the benefits of both methods, acquiescence and aggressiveness. A line that best describes my statement is "...the principle of nonviolent resistance seeks to reconcile the truths of two opposites-the acquiescence and violence-while avoiding the extremes and immoralities of both." King believed that this was the best method and in order for it to be successful the Negros "must work passionately and unrelentingly". Marher Luther King Jr., was a great leader. In the writing we've just discussed we've learned 3 ways in which King believes are options available to oppressed people. Among these options we also learn the one supported by Dr. King. He explained all methods from acquiescence to his favorite nonviolent resistance. King also gave great examples of each and everyone of these ways. If it wasn't for such beliefs, maybe todays wouldn't be shaped this way. King was undoubtedly a great leader whom we all admire. A man who changed history and the way people think about each other. A radical thinker who achieved many thing, and created great movements. Despite his death, his legacy and belief still stand strong. RESOURCES Transitions (Barbara Fine Clouse Pp.507-509) -The Ways Of Meeting Oppression -by Marther Luther King Jr.

hawthorne studies essays

hawthorne studies essays The Hawthorne studies, initially undertaken to investigate the relationship between work-place conditions and worker productivity, introduced a wide range of topics to the field of management study. Investigators found no strong relationship between workplace conditions and productivity but reached several conclusions: individual work behavior is driven by a complex set of factors; work groups develop norms which mediate between the needs of the individual and institution; employees should not be considered appendages of machinery; awareness of employee sentiments and participation can reduce resistance to change; the workplace is an interlocking social system, not simply a production system; social structure maintained through symbols of prestige and power. These findings opened the door to the study of client-centered therapy, small group behavior, and organization theory and research methodology. The Hawthorne studies represented groundbreaking work in the field of management when they were undertaken in 1924. While the original intention of the studies was to determine the effect of workplace conditions on employee productivity, in line with the Tay-lorist view of management of that day their findings addressed topics far a field from physical work conditions. These findings opened the doors to a wide range of topics in the study of management. Focus eventually shifted away from the time and motion studies made popular by Taylor to the influence of management style and worker motivation. The move away from scientific management represented a paradigm shift. While the Hawthorne studies were not undertaken with the intention of developing new areas of management theory, and as such did not provide definitive evidence on the factors they uncovered, they were still revolutionary for their time. Expecting to find evidence to support the idea of an optimal physical work environment, researchers instead discovered that the physica...